Details about these propagation methods are presented. Photos of flowers, leaves, fruit, and seeds from east timor. There is an increasing supply of fastgrowing plantation species in costa rica. The genus gmelina includes 38 species of trees occurring in tropical asia, australia and new guinea flora of china editorial committee, 2016. There were gaps in the canopy and only two layers of canopy were clearly visible fig. Henrik keiding, dfsc this note was produced in collaboration with indonesia forest seed project authors. Easy to work gamari timber saws easily and has only slight blunting effects on tools. Pdf this report is an output of the project hardwood plantations in the tropics and subtropics gcpint628uk, funded by the united. Twenty two species of larger mammals representing all the major species found in peninsular india. Gmelina arborea has been used in revegetation programs, as it grows quickly and provides shade for forest species to germinate under.
Gmelina arborea roxb verbenaceae, also known as gambhari, is an important medicinal plant in the ayurveda. Nailing is fairly easy, but preboring is recommended for screwing. Common names malay bushbeech in english gamar in language. Gmelina arborea roxb is one of the important medicinal plants most widely propagated and cultivated species of the family verbenaceae. Gmelina arborea locally known as gamhar, is a fastgrowing deciduous tree, occurring naturally. Gambhari gmelina arborea information, medicinal uses and more gambhari is a medicinal tree mentioned in all classical texts of ayurveda. When the forest species are established, the wood of gmelina arborea can then be harvested. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Uses, benefits, cures, side effects, nutrients in gmelina. Abstract gmelina arborea roxb is a major income earner for the government and people of cross river state, nigeria. Cell membranes must combine the opposite properties. It consists of about 35 species in australia, new guinea, new caledonia, southeast asia, india and a few in africa.
Gmelina is a fastgrowing, unarmed, moderately sized to large deciduous tree with a wide spreading canopy with numerous branches forming a large shady crown. When knots are present in the wood, cutting angles should be reduced. The main objective of this study was to assess the performance of ibeams fabricated from gmelina arborea wood using lumber for the flanges and 12mm plywood for the web. Gmelina arborea is also listed as a high priority weed in aboriginal lands in the northern land council area, and is of particular concern in maningrida, in arnhem land.
College badneraamravati, maharashtra india address for correspondence email. Pdf gmelina arborea a viable species for smallholder. The website also provides access to a database and images of herbarium specimens found at the university of south florida and other herbaria. Gmelina arborea, in english beechwood, gmelina, goomar teak, kashmir tree, malay beechwood, white teak, yemane, locally known as gamhar, is a fastgrowing deciduous tree, occurring naturally throughout greater part of india at altitudes up to 1,500 meters. There are no meticulous scientific reports on effect of the plant on inflammation and pain. It also occurs naturally in myanmar, thailand, laos, cambodia, vietnam, and in southern provinces of china, and has been planted extensively in sierra leone, nigeria, malaysia, and on. How gmelina is effective for various diseases is listed in repertory format. It has been grown as an ornamental and shade tree, and occasionally also in forestry plantations. Toxicological evaluation of the methanol extract of. Gmelina arborea is known as kashmari as it grows in kashmir, kashmari, kashmarya, kasmari, bhadraparni, gambhari, candahar tree, coomb tree, cashmeri teak, coomb teak, and white teak. Small tree planting programs with limited budgets tend to propagate by seedlings, and larger or industrial plantation projects with breeding programs propagate by rooted cuttings. The atlas of florida plants provides a source of information for the distribution of plants within the state and taxonomic information.
A preliminary investigation of nigerian gmelina arborea and. Results from 27 of these trials are presented in this article focusing on differences between seed sources in growth rate, bole quality and wood density. The drupes, leaves, flowers, roots, and bark are used in traditional medicine. A deciduous asian tree in the mint family, having large leaves, brownishyellow flowers, and yellow fruit, and widely grown for timber and pulp. White teak gmelina arborea is regarded as an environmental weed in the northern territory and as a potential environmental weed in queensland. Productivity, site evaluation and state of nutrition of gmelina arborea plantations in oluwa and omo forest reserves, nigeria. Pdf scaling up an indigenous tree gmelina arborea based. Medical microbiology laboratory manual for tropical countries. It can grow from 3 30 metres tall, sometimes even taller.
Structural performance of ibeam fabricated from a fastgrowing tree, gmelina arborea. It was named by carl linnaeus in honour of botanist johann georg gmelin. Verbenaceae ingole shubhangi n department of botany, bar. Proceedings, combine meeting of the western forest nursery association. Gmelina species gmelina arborea name homonyms gmelina arborea roxb. Gmelina arborea in the mint family, having large leaves, brownishyellow. Effects of gmelina arborea extract on experimentally. Gmelina is a genus of plants in the family lamiaceae. Biomass production and csequestration of gmelina arborea. Verbenaceae, popularly known as shivan, is an important medicinal plant in the indian ayurvedic system of medicine. It is a fast growing tree, which though grows on different localities. Gamhar is a southeast asian tree that produces highquality wood, which is used to make furniture and musical instruments, such as indian sitars and drums.
It is a beautiful fast growing avenue tree that grows. This page was last edited on 20 december 2019, at 12. Germplasm resources information network grin online database. Tree based land use systems make a valuable contribution to sequester carbon and improve productivity and nutrient cycling within the systems. Almost all parts of this tree are used in folk medicine for. The family lamiaceae comprises around 236 genera and 7173 species distributed worldwide stevens, 2012. Numerous insect pests and pathogens have been recorded in stands of gmelina in areas where the trees are native. Gmelina arborea gmelina is easy to cultivate and grow at the smallholder level. A preliminary investigation of nigerian gmelina arborea. Phytochemical analysis and antiangiogenic potential of.
Names of gmelina in various languages of the world are also given. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences in the growth of gmelina after. Verbenaceae has been used traditionally in sri lanka as a remedy against diabetes mellitus. It is commonly known as kashmarya and one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of ayurveda. It has been widely grown in plantations in south and southeast asia, including indonesia. In spite of the vast economic potential of this plant in nigeria, very little pathological research had been done on diseases afflicting this valuable species. This tree is native to asia and found in india, bangladesh, pakistan, myanmar, sri lanka, thailand, cambodia and vietnam. Gmelina herb uses, benefits, cures, side effects, nutrients. More than 60 gmelina arborea provenance trials were established in the midseventies as a joint effort between 20 countries, mainly outside the natural distribution areas of gmelina. To study the effects of aqueous extract of gmelina arborea bark on normoglycemic levels and.
Gmelina arborea and bambusa vulgaris for pulp and paper. The juice of tender leaves added to cows milk is used in gonorrhea. A comparison of the fuelwood value of gmelina arborea and eucalyptus spp. This asian native grows quickly and forms a dense shady tree, deciduous in spring when flowering. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Pulp quality of blends of the two fibre types were undertaken by individually beating the pulp fibres to approximately 430450 csf and then combining the. This would explain the use of plant flavonoids of gmelina arborea in therapy of. Combining data across all sites, the correlations were both 0. Gmelina arborea is the scientific name of a deciduous tree also commonly known as either beechwood or white teak. Complete list of references for duke, handbook of energy crops. Gmelina arborea is a species with broad natural distribution in southeast asia, and grows form sea level to 1 000 m above sea level.
The various concentrations of gmelina ethanolic extracts and the controls were. White teak gmelina arborea has also become naturalised at a few locations in the cook district in far northern queensland e. Study of floral epidermal features in gmelina arborea roxb. Trees of bangalore ra gmelina arborea white kashmir teak tree gamhar. This study was conducted to determine biomass production, csequestration and nitrogen allocation in gmelina arborea planted as sole and agrisilviculture system on abandoned agricultural land.
The plant is used in treatment of diabetes 912, objective. Gmelina arborea is a multipurpose tree species native to asia. Gmelina arborea is an unarmed deciduous medium size to large plant about 1230 m, height 60100 cm diameter with white spikes4. Gambhari gmelina arborea information, medicinal uses and. At the present time, gmelina is the most widely planted tree species in costa rica. The straight, cylindrical bole is commonly around 50cm in diameter, but specimens up to 140cm have been recorded. Pdf melinagmelina arborea in central america researchgate. Gmelina arborea, locally known as gamhar, is a fastgrowing deciduous tree, occurring naturally throughout greater part of india at altitudes up to 1,500 meters. Learn about its medicinal uses, botanical details and scientific classification. Gamhar is a beautiful fast growing deciduous tree occurring naturally throughout greater part of india up to 1500 m.
Gmelina arborea gmelina is a tree native to india, myanmar. K mody government pharmacy college, rajkot, gujarat, india 2sri b. Shah college of pharmacy, modasa, gujarat, india daya. Gmelina is related to the large genus vitex, which also includes several timber trees. By the 1960s, the fao encouraged the utilization of g. The specific epithet, arborea is derived from the term arboretum, which means wood. The study aimed to evaluate the antiangiogenic property of gmelina arborea fruit exocarp ethanolic extract gfeee by conducting the duck chorioallantoic membrane cam assay. Indigenous tree gmelina arborea based agroforestry systems in india.
Its root, fruit, bark and leaves are being used in medicine 7,8. The objective of the present study was to evaluate antidiabetic mechanisms of the aqueous bark extract of g. Gmelina definition of gmelina by the free dictionary. The roots, fruits and the leaves of gambhari have great medicinal value. The results can also be downloaded as a csv file unicode utf8 encoding see status, confidence level, source for definitions.
Fungal pathogens affecting seedlings of gmelina arborea roxb. This plant is commonly known as bhadraparni or gambhari in orissa. It is also popular as firewood in part because of how slow it is to burn. It is native to india and parts of southeast asia, and its dense, thick wood is used to make furniture, boats, and musical instruments. Gmelina arborea paper tree, white teak, candahar, yamane philippines, jati puti indonesia family verbenaceae.
Effect of gmelina arborea roxb in experimentally induced. Top layer was composed of lagerstroemia lanceolata and gmelina arborea. This tree can be propagated by seedlings, rooted cuttings, and grafting. Hortus bengalensis, or a catalogue of the plants growing in the hounourable east india companys botanicl garden at calcutta. Gmelina, melina, gamar, gamari gmelina arborea panatrees.
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